Quantum papers — 2026-10-21

Today we are diving into how disorder in a bulk superconductor can mess with a topological superconducting state because that is where the real physics lies for us right now. The core idea is that disorder scatters quasiparticles in the superconductor, which can eventually destroy the topological nature of the pairing.

We started by using a random-matrix theory approach to figure out how much scattering happens from the proximitizing superconductor onto a planar Josephson junction with a short semiconducting region AKMPC. This calculation involves composing scattering matrices for the semiconductor interface, the diffusive region, and the bulk superconductor to find an effective scattering rate AKMPC.

A key finding is that the minimum bound for the mean free path is quite strict, suggesting that disorder effects are suppressed if the mean free path lambda is greater than a certain value related to the Fermi wave-length mismatch AKMPC. This result connects to classical estimates where electrons are treated as random walkers due to collisions with impurities AKMPC.

Furthermore, we looked at how a small magnetic field changes things; it introduces a momentum shift that can suppress the diagonal part of Andreev reflection, which is crucial for topological superconductivity AKMPC. This suppression of scattering effects when the ratio of Fermi wave-lengths is considered a good indicator that near perfect Andreev reflection conditions are met without a magnetic field AKMPC.

Today's papers

The papers

Important terms

Topological Superconducting State
A type of superconductor where its properties are protected by topology, making it robust against certain types of disorder and allowing for exotic phenomena.
Quasiparticles
These are the elementary excitations in a superconductor, which are affected by disorder. Disorder scatters these quasiparticles, potentially destroying the topological nature of the pairing.
Random-Matrix Theory
A mathematical approach used to model how disorder causes scattering in systems like Josephson junctions and superconducting interfaces.
Mean Free Path ($\lambda$)
This is a measure of how far an electron travels before it collides with an impurity. A long mean free path suggests that disorder effects are suppressed.
Andreev Reflection
A process where an electron incident on a superconductor reflects as a hole, which is crucial for maintaining the topological superconductivity in this context.