Memory Separations from a Collective-Spin Quantum Register
quant-ph
Submitted: 2026-10-06
Updated: 2026-10-06
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The gist: A spin one-half driven only by total-spin operators generates a renewal process in which one interevent time n is forbidden while all others occur.
Abstract
A spin one-half driven only by total-spin operators generates a renewal process in which one interevent time n is forbidden while all others occur. No classical hidden Markov model reproduces it with fewer than 1+ sqrt n states, an unbounded separation whose only resource is one relative phase of π. With K amplitudes the same interference yields K(K + 1)/2 decay channels, and for positive weights and generic rates the classical cost is exactly K(K + 1)/2 states. Both are realized by a depth-three circuit whose parameter count does not grow with the register.
Sources
- Quantum generation of stochastic processes: spectral invariants and memory bounds
- Expressive power of tensor-network factorizations for probabilistic modeling, with applications from hidden Markov models to quantum machine learning
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