Why Software Engineering Is Indispensable in the Age of Coding Agents
cs.SE, cs.AI
Submitted: 2026-10-07
Updated: 2026-10-11
Comments: Accepted for publication in Communications of the ACM. 6 pages. v2: final version submitted to the publisher; Section 1 updated with evidence published since July 2026
DOI: 10.1145/3858606
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
The gist: Can AI make Software Engineering (SE) -- the discipline -- obsolete? And can it make software engineers -- the professionals -- redundant? This paper argues that the rise of capable AI coding agents
Abstract
Can AI make Software Engineering (SE) -- the discipline -- obsolete? And can it make software engineers -- the professionals -- redundant? This paper argues that the rise of capable AI coding agents makes SE and software engineers essential, not obsolete: the missing foundation without which AI-assisted development produces misleadingly plausible, unverifiable, and ultimately untrustworthy software. Three structural properties of large language models (probabilistic generation, agnosticism, and semantic statelessness) create a structural vacuum that no amount of training can eliminate. Filling it requires four knowledge levers: methodological knowledge, domain knowledge, design choices, and process choices. All four must be reified as persistent artifacts, and each requires the software engineer as methodologist, mediator, and custodian.
Sources
- Measuring the Impact of Early-2025 AI on Experienced Open-Source Developer Productivity
- Professional Software Developers Don't Vibe, They Control: AI Agent Use for Coding in 2025
- Spec-Driven Development:From Code to Contract in the Age of AI Coding Assistants
- AI-Assisted Programming Decreases the Productivity of Experienced Developers by Increasing the Technical Debt and Maintenance Burden
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