RAG-PIBench: A Leakage-Aware Benchmark for Prompt-Injection Detection in Trustworthy RAG Systems

arXiv:2610.08571 · cs.CR, cs.AI, cs.LG · Submitted 2026-10-06 · Read on arXiv

cs.CR, cs.AI, cs.LG

Submitted: 2026-10-06

Updated: 2026-10-06

Comments: 19 pages, 3 figures, 8 tables

License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

The gist: Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems are vulnerable to prompt-injection attacks embedded in retrieved content.

Terminology

Abstract

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems are vulnerable to prompt-injection attacks embedded in retrieved content. We introduce RAG-PIBench, a benchmark for RAG-style prompt-injection detection containing 4,876 contextual examples across frozen train, validation, and protected-test splits. Using a leakage-aware construction pipeline and strict evaluation protocol, we compare keyword-based, semantic-reference, TF-IDF, and transformer-based detectors. DistilBERT achieves the best protected-test performance (F1 = 0.896, PR-AUC = 0.968), while TF-IDF SVM and logistic regression remain competitive. Our results demonstrate the value of leakage-aware benchmark design and strong sparse baselines for reliable prompt-injection detection in RAG systems.

Sources

Related papers