On-Policy Distillation with Negative-Policy Rollouts

arXiv:2610.07874 · cs.LG · Submitted 2026-10-06 · Read on arXiv

cs.LG

Submitted: 2026-10-06

Updated: 2026-10-06

Code: https://github.com/naver-ai/np-opd

Terminology

• Distillation — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• On-Policy Distillation — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes

Sources

• OpenCodeReasoning: Advancing Data Distillation for Competitive Coding
• Beyond Benchmarks: MathArena as an Evaluation Platform for Mathematics with LLMs
• Weak-to-Strong Generalization via Direct On-Policy Distillation
• Revisiting On-Policy Distillation: Empirical Failure Modes and Simple Fixes
• Gemma 4 Technical Report
• The Delta Learning Hypothesis: Preference Tuning on Weak Data can Yield Strong Gains
• MiniLLM: On-Policy Distillation of Large Language Models
• OlympiadBench: A Challenging Benchmark for Promoting AGI with Olympiad-Level Bilingual Multimodal Scientific Problems
• Measuring Mathematical Problem Solving With the MATH Dataset
• On-Policy Delta Distillation
• Distilling the Knowledge in a Neural Network
• Entropy-Aware On-Policy Distillation of Language Models
• DistiLLM: Towards Streamlined Distillation for Large Language Models
• Rethinking On-Policy Distillation of Large Language Models: Phenomenology, Mechanism, and Recipe
• SuperGPQA: Scaling LLM Evaluation across 285 Graduate Disciplines
• AIMO-2 Winning Solution: Building State-of-the-Art Mathematical Reasoning Models with OpenMathReasoning dataset
• Orca: Progressive Learning from Complex Explanation Traces of GPT-4
• GPQA: A Graduate-Level Google-Proof Q&A Benchmark
• DeepSeekMath: Pushing the Limits of Mathematical Reasoning in Open Language Models
• REASONING GYM: Reasoning Environments for Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards

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