BluffJAX: Adversarial Imperfect Information Games in JAX
cs.AI
Submitted: 2026-10-06
Updated: 2026-10-06
Code: https://github.com/bluffjax/bluffjax
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The gist: We introduce BluffJAX: an open-source suite of adversarial imperfect information games in JAX.
Abstract
We introduce BluffJAX: an open-source suite of adversarial imperfect information games in JAX. We provide canonical implementations of games designed for high simulation throughputs and parallelization on GPU accelerators. Our suite consists of well-studied benchmarks such as Texas Hold'Em Poker and Kuhn Poker, as well as games that have not been previously studied in reinforcement learning research, such as Bluff, Stud Poker, and Kemps. We hope that implementing a variety of game mechanics and difficulties will introduce new challenges and foster novel research directions in game-theoretic methods for RL. We benchmark the throughput performance and memory usage of our environments in single and multi-GPU settings, demonstrating scaling of up to hundreds of millions of samples per second, and motivating the usage of BluffJAX over related GPU and CPU-based libraries. We benchmark reinforcement learning, tree search, and game-solving algorithms in JAX in order to provide users with baseline results and facilitate future comparisons.
Sources
- Melting Pot 2.0
- Dota 2 with Large Scale Deep Reinforcement Learning
- Jumanji: a Diverse Suite of Scalable Reinforcement Learning Environments in JAX
- Brax -- A Differentiable Physics Engine for Large Scale Rigid Body Simulation
- Simplifying Deep Temporal Difference Learning
- Deep Reinforcement Learning from Self-Play in Imperfect-Information Games
- Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization
- OpenSpiel: A Framework for Reinforcement Learning in Games
- JaxMARL: Multi-Agent RL Environments and Algorithms in JAX
- Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithms
- Mastering Chess and Shogi by Self-Play with a General Reinforcement Learning Algorithm
- MEAL: A Benchmark for Continual Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
- RLCard: A Toolkit for Reinforcement Learning in Card Games
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