Learning to Read the Contextual Tokens in Diffusion Transformers
cs.CV, cs.AI, cs.GR, cs.LG
Submitted: 2026-10-05
Updated: 2026-10-05
Comments: Project page: https://omer11a.github.io/learning_to_read/
Code: https://github.com/black-forest-labs/flux
Project page: https://omer11a.github.io/learning_to_read
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
The gist: Multimodal Diffusion Transformers (MM-DiTs) jointly process visual and textual representations throughout generation.
Terminology
Abstract
Multimodal Diffusion Transformers (MM-DiTs) jointly process visual and textual representations throughout generation. These models repeatedly update the text tokens through multimodal attention, forming dynamic contextual tokens whose function is not well understood. In this work, we introduce a framework for reading this contextual space through natural-language interrogation. We train a lightweight bottleneck network that maps intermediate contextual tokens into the input space of a frozen Large Language Model (LLM), allowing the LLM to answer questions about the emerging image directly from these hidden representations. Our reader reveals that contextual tokens encode a rich, global representation of the emerging scene: generation-specific semantics, including attributes left underspecified by the prompt, are accessible surprisingly early in denoising, while increasingly fine-grained details become readable over time. Remarkably, this information remains decodable even when the MM-DiT receives an empty prompt, showing that contextual tokens accumulate substantial image-specific information from the evolving visual representation itself. We further find that generations with more readable contextual representations tend to receive higher human-preference scores. Building on these observations, we introduce Contextual Alignment, a training technique that explicitly reinforces the visual-semantic information encoded in the contextual tokens, improving generation quality and distributional coverage. Together, our results establish contextual tokens as both an interpretable view into the internal dynamics of MM-DiTs and an effective target for improving generative models.
Sources
- Demystifying MMD GANs
- HiDream-I1: A High-Efficient Image Generative Foundation Model with Sparse Diffusion Transformer
- VideoJAM: Joint Appearance-Motion Representations for Enhanced Motion Generation in Video Models
- Self-Supervised Flow Matching for Scalable Multi-Modal Synthesis
- ConceptAttention: Diffusion Transformers Learn Highly Interpretable Features
- Prompt-to-Prompt Image Editing with Cross Attention Control
- Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidance
- No Other Representation Component Is Needed: Diffusion Transformers Can Provide Representation Guidance by Themselves
- HunyuanVideo: A Systematic Framework For Large Video Generative Models
- FLUX.1 Kontext: Flow Matching for In-Context Image Generation and Editing in Latent Space
- Text Template Tokens Are Implicit Semantic Registers in Diffusion Transformers
- Visual Instruction Tuning
- Fine-T2I: An Open, Large-Scale, and Diverse Dataset for High-Quality T2I Fine-Tuning
- SDEdit: Guided Image Synthesis and Editing with Stochastic Differential Equations
- DINOv2: Learning Robust Visual Features without Supervision
- SDXL: Improving Latent Diffusion Models for High-Resolution Image Synthesis
- Qwen2.5 Technical Report
- Hierarchical Text-Conditional Image Generation with CLIP Latents
- HunyuanVideo-Foley: Multimodal Diffusion with Representation Alignment for High-Fidelity Foley Audio Generation
- Diffusion Lens: Interpreting Text Encoders in Text-to-Image Pipelines
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