Introducing Code-Switched Contexts to Cognitively-Inspired Bilingual Model Training
cs.CL
Submitted: 2026-10-05
Updated: 2026-10-05
Comments: EMNLP 2026, BabyLM Challenge; 18 pages, 6 figures
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The gist: During language acquisition, bilingual children are regularly exposed to code-switched input and use it as a cognitive scaffold to accelerate vocabulary growth and cross-linguistic syntactic mapping.
Abstract
During language acquisition, bilingual children are regularly exposed to code-switched input and use it as a cognitive scaffold to accelerate vocabulary growth and cross-linguistic syntactic mapping. In contrast, computational bilingual models are conventionally pretrained on interleaved monolingual corpora. While introducing synthetic code-switching during pretraining has become a promising strategy to enhance cross-lingual alignment and downstream performance, the structural and developmental parameters governing the success remain poorly understood. In this work, we investigate the efficiency of training with synthetic code-switched data across two typologically distinct language pairs by controlling two key variables: the structural location of code-switches and the dynamic switching rate across training stages. Our results show that training with code-switched data improves cross-lingual alignment for typologically close languages.
Sources
- Beyond Bilingual Transfer: Multilingual Code-Switching in Instruction Tuning
- BabyLM Turns 4 and Goes Multilingual: Call for Papers for the 2026 BabyLM Workshop
- Parallel Tokenizers: Rethinking Vocabulary Design in Cross-Lingual Transfer of Low-Resource Languages
- A Systematic Assessment of Language Models with Linguistic Minimal Pairs in Chinese
- Code-Switching Curriculum Learning for Multilingual Transfer in LLMs
- Bringing Up a Bilingual BabyLM: Investigating Multilingual Language Acquisition Using Small-Scale Models
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