Introducing Code-Switched Contexts to Cognitively-Inspired Bilingual Model Training

arXiv:2610.06161 · cs.CL · Submitted 2026-10-05 · Read on arXiv

cs.CL

Submitted: 2026-10-05

Updated: 2026-10-05

Comments: EMNLP 2026, BabyLM Challenge; 18 pages, 6 figures

License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

The gist: During language acquisition, bilingual children are regularly exposed to code-switched input and use it as a cognitive scaffold to accelerate vocabulary growth and cross-linguistic syntactic mapping.

Abstract

During language acquisition, bilingual children are regularly exposed to code-switched input and use it as a cognitive scaffold to accelerate vocabulary growth and cross-linguistic syntactic mapping. In contrast, computational bilingual models are conventionally pretrained on interleaved monolingual corpora. While introducing synthetic code-switching during pretraining has become a promising strategy to enhance cross-lingual alignment and downstream performance, the structural and developmental parameters governing the success remain poorly understood. In this work, we investigate the efficiency of training with synthetic code-switched data across two typologically distinct language pairs by controlling two key variables: the structural location of code-switches and the dynamic switching rate across training stages. Our results show that training with code-switched data improves cross-lingual alignment for typologically close languages.

Sources

Related papers