ETM-3D: A One-Parameter Multistable Quadratic Flow with an Explicit Absorbing Set and Intermittent Chaos

arXiv:2610.04768 · nlin.CD, cs.SY, eess.SY, math.DS, math.NT, math.OC · Submitted 2026-10-03 · Read on arXiv

nlin.CD, cs.SY, eess.SY, math.DS, math.NT, math.OC

Submitted: 2026-10-03

Updated: 2026-10-03

License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

The gist: We study a one-parameter three-dimensional quadratic flow, denoted ETM-3D, on the benchmark domain ρ at least0.

Abstract

We study a one-parameter three-dimensional quadratic flow, denoted ETM-3D, on the benchmark domain ρ at least0. Its homogeneous quadratic triad preserves Euclidean quadratic energy, while the full vector field has constant divergence-8. A shifted quadratic Lyapunov function yields an explicit positively invariant absorbing set and therefore global ultimate boundedness. The equilibria reduce generically to a scalar quartic, with a separate singular case at ρ= sqrt 5. Continuation reveals two saddle-node bifurcations, a generic transcritical bifurcation, a supercritical Hopf bifurcation, and a fold of limit cycles. Stable and unstable period-one branches meet at the fold with their nontrivial Floquet multipliers approaching +1. Just beyond this point, a 25-point logarithmic parameter study gives a laminar-length scaling exponent of-0.551 (95% confidence interval [-0.621,-0.481]), consistent with type-I intermittency. At larger ρ, a chaotic attractor coexists with an asymptotically stable equilibrium and periodic windows occur. Structural invariants are used to distinguish the flow from several classical quadratic chaotic families.

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