A Large-Scale Empirical Study of Modern Phishing Email Content

arXiv:2609.30683 · cs.CR · Submitted 2026-09-25 · Read on arXiv

cs.CR

Submitted: 2026-09-25

Updated: 2026-09-25

Comments: 22 pages

Code: https://github.com/SpamScope/mail-parser

License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

Terminology

• Verification — 5× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Alignment — 3× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Anti-Phishing Working Group — 2× in this paper
• F1 Score — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Latent Dirichlet Allocation — 2× in this paper
• Trace — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Accuracy — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Actor — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Consistency — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Fidelity — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Generalization — 1× in this paper · explained in 13 episodes
• Generative AI — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Jensen–Shannon Divergence (JSD) — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Robustness — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Steering — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes

Sources

• Phishing Codebook: A Structured Framework for the Characterization of Phishing Emails
• PEEK: Phishing Evolution Framework for Phishing Generation and Evolving Pattern Analysis using Large Language Models

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