NeuralCert: certified computational discovery of extremal mathematical constructions
cs.LG, stat.CO, stat.ME
Submitted: 2026-09-14
Updated: 2026-09-14
Comments: 86 pages, 3 Figures
Code: https://github.com/mproeling/neuralcert
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The gist: Neural networks are becoming popular in solving mathematical problems, but stochastic models do not provide mathematical exactness by themselves.
Terminology
Abstract
Neural networks are becoming popular in solving mathematical problems, but stochastic models do not provide mathematical exactness by themselves. This study introduces a discovery-to-certification framework in which high-dimensional variational trial functions are learned in a compact separable representation, spectrally diagnosed and pruned, and then certified exactly through multimodular evaluation. Exact certification makes the numerical proofs fully explicit and independently verifiable. This framework can be run on a standard personal computer. Across three extremal problems, we show that neural optimization can contribute to rigorous mathematics in three distinct ways: by discovering improved constructions, by exposing empirical invariants that lead to proofs, and by revealing optimization barriers whose geometry motivates new analytic or numerical representations. More broadly, these results suggest a path toward AI-assisted mathematics in which flexible computational discovery and exact certification become complementary components of a single rigorous workflow.
Sources
- Variants of the Selberg sieve, and bounded intervals containing many primes
- Higher-order Delsarte Dual LPs: Lifting, Constructions and Completeness
- Sign uncertainty principles and low-degree polynomials
- Heuristic Bounded Prime Gaps via a Chaotic Multidimensional Sieve and Random Matrix Theory
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