Does Rank Still Matter? Position Bias When AI Agents Shop on Our Behalf
cs.AI, econ.GN, q-fin.EC
Submitted: 2026-08-24
Updated: 2026-10-13
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
The gist: When shopping is delegated to AI agents, it is unclear whether the ranking advantage documented for humans persists.
Terminology
Abstract
When shopping is delegated to AI agents, it is unclear whether the ranking advantage documented for humans persists. Across 7,000 sessions with five large language models (LLMs) and varying reasoning effort, we compare AI agents with human field data. AI agents search more extensively than human consumers. As with humans, lower-ranked listings are less likely to be inspected, although the effect is smaller for AI agents. Unlike humans, AI agents show a pattern consistent with the lost-in-the-middle effect, whereby middle listings have the lowest probability of inspection. At the choice stage, position effects are concentrated at lower reasoning effort, but higher effort reduces the middle penalty for every LLM that exhibits it. These findings suggest that, when search is delegated, displayed attributes may matter more than placement, and that exposure to position bias depends on how the AI agent is configured.
Related papers
- MAVEN-T: Reinforced Heterogeneous Distillation for Real-Time Multi-Agent Trajectory Prediction
- Model Discovery Agent: LLM-assisted Bayesian experiment design for data-efficient discovery of mechanistic world models
- Agents' Last Exam
- The Clinician's Veto: Navigating Trust, Liability, and Uncertainty in Autonomous AI Prescribing
- MindHelper: Closed-Loop Embodied Mental-State Reasoning for Precision Intervention
- Incumbent Advantage: Brand Bias and Cognitive Manipulation Dynamics in LLM Recommendation Systems