MultiCube: Compositional 3D Generation With Part-Level Semantic and Spatial Control

arXiv:2608.20448 · cs.GR, cs.CV · Submitted 2026-08-20 · Read on arXiv

cs.GR, cs.CV

Submitted: 2026-08-20

Updated: 2026-09-17

Project page: http://multi-cube.github.io

License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

The gist: Digital 3D objects used in games and animation are often required to be compositional; that is, decomposed into semantically meaningful parts.

Terminology

Abstract

Digital 3D objects used in games and animation are often required to be compositional; that is, decomposed into semantically meaningful parts. Recent 3D generation methods can produce high-quality compositional objects conditioned on image or text prompts. Yet, such global conditioning lacks the precise part-level controllability required for professional creative workflows. To address this, we introduce MultiCube, a novel compositional 3D generation method that provides explicit, independent control over both the semantics and spatial arrangement of each part. MultiCube takes as input a global text prompt, a text schema specifying the desired parts, and a spatial layout indicating the bounding boxes of the parts in the given schema. It outputs a 3D object composed of distinct meshes, one per specified part, that adhere to the given semantic and spatial conditions. Our approach employs a two-stage diffusion process, first generating a schema- and layout-aligned monolithic mesh, then decomposing the mesh into individual parts simultaneously. A novel Part Layout Adapter is used to encode per-part conditions independently of the other parts. Experiments demonstrate that our method can generate high-quality compositional 3D objects with precise part-level control, including those with unique layouts difficult to achieve with text or image prompting alone. Project page: https://multi-cube.github.io

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