Identifying Causal Effects Using a Single Proxy Variable

arXiv:2604.09135 · stat.ML, cs.LG, math.ST, stat.ME, stat.TH · Submitted 2026-04-10 · Read on arXiv

stat.ML, cs.LG, math.ST, stat.ME, stat.TH

Submitted: 2026-04-10

Updated: 2026-09-25

Comments: Equal contribution between Pfister and Weichwald

License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

Terminology

• Causal Inference — 14× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Adam — 3× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Differential Privacy — 3× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Calibration — 2× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Analog-to-Digital Converter — 1× in this paper
• Benchmark — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Clustering — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Elias — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Longitudinal Data — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Loss Function — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Single Proxy Maximum Moment Restriction — 1× in this paper
• Theoretical Guarantees — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes

Sources

• Controlling for Latent Confounding with Triple Proxies
• Comparing Two Proxy Methods for Causal Identification
• Accessible Color Sequences for Data Visualization
• Demystifying Proximal Causal Inference
• Nonparametric Inference on Dose-Response Curves Without the Positivity Condition

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