Trion liquid and its photoemission signatures

We study the formation of a trion liquid in doped low-dimensional semiconductors with strong electron-hole interactions and analyze its signatures in angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). We show that this strongly correlated state of matter forms naturally in the vicinity of the phase boundary between a normal band insulator and an excitonic insulator upon doping. By studying the photoemission spectrum, we show that a partially occupied trion band gives rise to an in-gap feature in the ARPES spectrum with vanishing spectral weight at the Fermi energy. We demonstrate our findings using a 1D microscopic model employing exact, unbiased, matrix product state (MPS)-based calculations.