The Imperfective Paradox in Large Language Models

arXiv:2601.09373 · cs.CL · Submitted 2026-01-14 · Read on arXiv

cs.CL

Submitted: 2026-01-14

Updated: 2026-10-21

Code: https://github.com/boleima/ImperfectiveParadox

Terminology

• Accuracy — 36× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Calibration — 11× in this paper · explained in 9 episodes
• Transformer — 9× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Transformers — 7× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Embeddings — 5× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Papers — 5× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Hallucination — 4× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Teleological Bias Rate — 4× in this paper
• Verification — 4× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Cosine Similarity — 3× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Language Models (LLMs) — 3× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Large Language Models (LLMs) — 3× in this paper · explained in 8 episodes
• Ablation — 2× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Adam — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Chain-of-Thought Prompt — 2× in this paper
• Compositionality — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Definition-Aware Prompt — 2× in this paper
• Fidelity — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Accountability — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Activation Steering — 1× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Attention Mechanism — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Benchmark — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Chain-of-Thought Prompting — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Consistency — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Core — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Editor — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Fine-Tuning — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Foundation Model — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Foundation Models — 1× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Generative Model — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Generative Models — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Ontology — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Phase Transition — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Representation Learning — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Robustness — 1× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Semantic Similarity — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Steering — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Transformer Architecture — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Transformer Model — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Transformer Models — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes

Sources

• Yi: Open Foundation Models by 01.AI
• DeepSeek-V3 Technical Report
• ChatGLM: A Family of Large Language Models from GLM-130B to GLM-4 All Tools
• The Llama 3 Herd of Models
• Mistral 7B
• Language Models (Mostly) Know What They Know
• Qwen2.5 Technical Report
• Gemini: A Family of Highly Capable Multimodal Models
• Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size
• Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models

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