IndicParam: Benchmark to evaluate LLMs on low-resource Indic Languages

arXiv:2512.00333 · cs.CL · Submitted 2025-11-29 · Read on arXiv

cs.CL

Submitted: 2025-11-29

Updated: 2026-09-26

Comments: Published at EMNLP (Main) Conference, 2026

Code: https://github.com/ayushbits/IndicParam

License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

Terminology

• Benchmark — 49× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Accuracy — 14× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Language Understanding — 14× in this paper
• General Knowledge — 10× in this paper
• Verification — 7× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Low-Resource Languages — 4× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Alignment — 2× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Benchmarking — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Cross-lingual Transfer — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Generalization — 2× in this paper · explained in 13 episodes
• Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) — 2× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• National Testing Agency — 2× in this paper
• Sparse Attention — 2× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Transformer — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Adaptation — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Chain-of-Thought Prompting — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Character Error Rate — 1× in this paper
• Consistency — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Contextual Awareness — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Data Provenance — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Fine-Tuning — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Grounding — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Instruction Tuning — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Internet and Mobile Association of India — 1× in this paper
• Large Language Models (LLMs) — 1× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Multimodal Reasoning — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Provenance — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Quantization — 1× in this paper · explained in 12 episodes
• Robustness — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Sparsity — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Thinking mode — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Transferability — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Word Error Rate — 1× in this paper

Sources

• Gemini 2.5: Pushing the Frontier with Advanced Reasoning, Multimodality, Long Context, and Next Generation Agentic Capabilities
• OMGEval: An Open Multilingual Generative Evaluation Benchmark for Large Language Models
• ParamBench: A Graduate-Level Benchmark for Evaluating LLM Understanding on Indic Subjects
• SANSKRITI: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Evaluating Language Models' Knowledge of Indian Culture
• DRISHTIKON: A Multimodal Multilingual Benchmark for Testing Language Models' Understanding on Indian Culture

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