Testing general relativity with amplitudes of subdominant gravitational-wave modes

arXiv:2511.11886 · gr-qc, astro-ph.CO, hep-th · Submitted 2026-07-15 · Read on arXiv

Ish Gupta, Purnima Narayan, Lionel London, Shubhanshu Tiwari, Bangalore Sathyaprakash

gr-qc, astro-ph.CO, hep-th

Submitted: 2026-07-15

Updated: 2026-08-20

Comments: Accepted version. 12 pages + Appendix, 17 figures

Journal ref: Phys. Rev. D 114, 044050 (2026)

DOI: 10.1103/wg2q-gync

License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

Terminology

• Degeneracy — 10× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Consistency — 6× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Robustness — 5× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Benchmark — 4× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Accuracy — 3× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Bayesian Inference — 3× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Area Law — 2× in this paper
• Benchmarking — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Fidelity — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Interpretability — 1× in this paper · explained in 15 episodes
• Systematic Bias — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes

Sources

• Prospects for Observing and Localizing Gravitational-Wave Transients with Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo and KAGRA
• Advanced LIGO
• Advanced Virgo: a 2nd generation interferometric gravitational wave detector
• Overview of KAGRA: Detector design and construction history
• Detector configuration of KAGRA - the Japanese cryogenic gravitational-wave detector
• Sensitivity and Performance of the Advanced LIGO Detectors in the Third Observing Run
• Advanced LIGO detector performance in the fourth observing run
• Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger
• Tests of general relativity with GW150914
• GWTC-4.0: Updating the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog with Observations from the First Part of the Fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Observing Run
• Tests of General Relativity with GWTC-3
• GWTC-4.0: Tests of General Relativity. I. Overview and General Tests
• GWTC-4.0: Tests of General Relativity. II. Parameterized Tests
• GWTC-4.0: Tests of General Relativity. III. Tests of the Remnants
• Computationally efficient models for the dominant and sub-dominant harmonic modes of precessing binary black holes
• Detection and Parameter Estimation of Gravitational Waves from Compact Binary Inspirals with Analytical Double-Precessing Templates
• Unveiling the spectrum of inspiralling binary black holes
• Inferring small neutron star spins with neutron star-black hole mergers
• TIGER: A data analysis pipeline for testing the strong-field dynamics of general relativity with gravitational wave signals from coalescing compact binaries
• Tests of General Relativity with GW170817

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