Wandering intermediate-mass black holes and off-nuclear tidal disruption events from early star clusters
The study investigates wandering intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) formed via runaway stellar collisions in dense, high-redshift star clusters and predicts their tidal disruption event (TDE) signatures across cosmic time. Using a semi-analytic model, the maximal cluster formation model shows off-nuclear TDE rates peaking around z=9 to 13 for massive galaxies, providing a framework to constrain early IMBH populations.