Scaling Quantum Networks via Phase-Stable Vacuum Beam Guide: Architectural Blueprint and Benchmark
This research proposes a Vacuum Beam Guide (VBG) as a physical channel for scaling quantum networks over 104 km distances. The VBG architecture successfully achieves ultra-low attenuation ($5 imes 10^{-5}$ dB/km), overcoming major hurdles in long-distance quantum transmission. It demonstrates exceptional phase stability, suggesting it is a viable, scalable physical link for continental quantum infrastructure by preserving coherence.