Rugged magneto-hydrodynamic invariants in weakly collisional plasma turbulence: Two-dimensional hybrid simulation results
The research investigated plasma turbulence in solar wind using a 2D hybrid simulation to track how different helicities—combined energy, cross helicity, kinetic helicity, and mixed helicity—evolve across scales. Findings show that cross helicity governs the turbulent dynamics in weakly collisional plasmas by following a cascade and dissipation pattern similar to combined energy.