Approximate vortex lattices of atomic Fermi superfluid on a spherical surface
The study investigates how atomic Fermi superfluids form approximate vortex lattices on a sphere, where perfect lattices are impossible above 20 vortices. Two methods—one based on geometric scaffolds like Fibonacci and geodesic-dome lattices, and another by minimizing free energy—were used to construct these structures using Ginzburg-Landau theory. The results show that as the number of vortices increases, both constructions converge to a planar lattice value, suggesting quasi-crystalline behavior.