Ruelle--Pollicott Theory for Metastable Systems: A Unified Framework for Tipping Transitions
This work develops a unified Ruelle–Pollicott (RP) spectral framework to study tipping points beyond simple critical slowing down. It shows that early warnings depend on a triple: a critical RP block, an observable, and the perturbation direction. This distinguishes local recovery signals from noise-induced transition risks in metastable systems.