Gas-induced gravitational-wave dephasing and accretion periodicities of live post-Newtonian massive black hole binaries: warm disk
The research simulated how a circumbinary disk affects massive black hole binary inspirals by coupling gaseous torques and gravitational wave emission, moving beyond simple linear models. Simulations show that GWs significantly increase the gas-induced orbital phase shift, indicating a non-linear coupling between the disk's dynamics and the binary's evolution. This is vital for interpreting LISA observations of merging black holes.