Revisiting the Duff Argument in Cosmology: From Dimensional Quantities to Cross-Epoch Observables
The paper re-examines whether measurable physical content remains consistent across different cosmological epochs when considering how dimensional quantities scale with time. It introduces Generalized Cosmological Time (GCT) to test if a unit-rate realization of cosmological time is sufficient or if observations require a non-unit rate, NG(a), within the meVSL framework.