How Alignment Routes: Localizing, Scaling, and Controlling Policy Circuits in Language Models

Researchers found that policy routing in language models depends on a specific 'gate-amplifier mechanism' localized at layers 15–16. They discovered a gate head (L17.H17) that acts as a sparse attention entry point, reading detection signals and routing them toward refusal. This circuit can be controlled by modulating the detection layer, suggesting precise policy steering is possible.

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