Stabilization of Unidirectional First-Order PDE-ODE Coupled Systems with Boundary and Distributed Input Delays
The method addresses systems with both boundary and distributed input delays in coupled PDE-ODE models, overcoming limitations of existing methods that require delay ordering. The authors propose a unified backstepping transformation using Volterra and Fredholm integral operators to design controllers that stabilize the delayed system, achieving exponential stability in the L-infinity norm.