Granular mass perturbations on the pulsar - supermassive black hole system
The study investigated how granular mass perturbations from stellar-mass black holes near Sagittarius A* affect pulsar timing. Findings show these perturbations cause large post-fit residuals (up to 102 s), potentially biasing measurements. Including frame-dragging in light propagation breaks spin parameter degeneracies, improving SMBH spin measurement precision by about an order of magnitude.