A Unified Charge-Dependent Modulation Model for AMS-02 Proton and Antiproton Fluxes during Solar Minimum
The research developed a unified model to explain monthly proton and antiproton fluxes measured by AMS-02 during solar quiet periods. By solving the three-dimensional Parker transport equation with realistic heliospheric current sheet drift, the model successfully describes charge-dependent modulation, outperforming simpler models. This provides a physically consistent account of how solar activity affects cosmic ray particles.