Tunable state-dependent interactions in collisionally stable mixtures of polar molecules
The authors encode a pseudo-spin system in polar molecules' vibrational states (v=0 and v=1) using double microwave shielding to eliminate collisional losses while creating tunable, long-range dipolar interactions. This allows for independent control over Ising exchange ($J_z$), density-density ($V$), and spin-density ($W$) couplings. The resulting interactions can exceed typical spacing, enabling the study of strongly interacting quantum magnetism in bulk gases or optical lattices.